Machiavelli’s The Prince Essay

In Machiavelli’s The Prince, he dove into how a ruler could defense his position once he arrives at the top. One of the numerous methods of how to make sure about a prince’s position is triumph by criminal goodness. In victory by criminal uprightness, Michiavelli said that a ruler makes sure about his position when he arrives at the top since it requires some investment and a great deal of difficult work to thrive. So to ensure nobody removes their position, the sovereign smashes his rivals and procures regard from the individuals however much as could reasonably be expected. The sovereign likewise makes less trade offs with their partners, attempting to remain solitary since he accepts he is more adequate and more grounded than the others. A sovereign should likewise realize how to change orders. This may cause ruin since individuals who profited the old request may restrict the ruler yet he should have the ability to compel the individuals to keep supporting him despite the fact that they are as of now thinking again. So for what reason does this persevere despite the fact that each lawmaker and each resident who thinks judiciously realizes this is corrupt. We people are normally determined by our yearn for influence, notoriety and fortune. We put aside virtues and moral qualities just to extinguish our personal matters. Legislators follow up on it since they realize this is the most effortless approach to dispense with a danger. This is a lasting thing so when a foe stops to exist, he’s for all time gone from the opposition and this gives the other government official a genuine feelings of serenity since he realizes that he will win without a doubt on the off chance that he has no rival. Residents don't follow up on this since first, residents that have a place with the lower class are apprehensive. How might they conflict with somebody so amazing that this individual could take their existence with only a snap of their fingers? The range and degree of influence of this sort of government official is unclear that it may reach out to having the advantage and authority over hoodlums and we never realize what he will do just to protect his influence, acclaim and fortune. Second, most residents who think about an inappropriate doings of this lawmaker is paid and given a ton of encouragements for their help and quiet. As I stated, we people are normally determined by our craving by fortune. For individuals who don't work and put stock in picking up cash from a genuine activity, this is the most helpful method of procuring cash since they don’t need to do anything besides tay quiet, get a couple of things done for the legislator and compose the politician’s name on their polling form each time he runs for a seat. There is likewise the way that when neighborhood residents bolster this legislator, they are more made sure about and all around ensured. Individuals who attempt to conflict with these nearby residents would as of now feel undermine already on the grounds that the legislator will back them up in part of their arrangement for the mystery of the politician’s messy work. This is one of the most indecent acts acted in governmental issues, however one that by one way or another we can never dispose of.

Influence Tactics Essays - Social Psychology, Human Behavior, Belief

Impact Tactics Mr. Hick has endeavored in this article Influence Tactics to aggregate the different techniques individuals use in affecting others into eight fundamental bunches. These bunches are 1) reason, 2) alliance, 3) kind disposition, 4) bartering, 5) emphaticness, 6) more significant position authority, 7) assents and 8) image the executives. In spite of the fact that there are many techniques individuals use to get their direction, most can fall under the heading of one of these bunches. Reason is viewed as one of the most well known methods for impacting others. It is regularly utilized couple with different techniques. With reason, we bid to another person utilizing rationale, information or data to help our activities. It ought to be clarified to the next individual this is in actuality what we are doing. On the off chance that we attempt to reason utilizing a mystery motivation it can prompt doubt. I have attempted when guiding shows to prevail upon individuals reasonably. At the point when I set aside the effort to make my inspirations understood and persuade others to see my side I am, a bigger number of times than not, content with the outcomes. Individuals in theater are regularly more sensitive than your normal individual. I have thought that it was successful to rub them toward my thoughts. I would interface Coalition and Higher Authority together. The previous is enrolling the guide of your partners and supporters to promote your solicitations, while the later uses more significant level specialists to back you in affecting others. Both can work yet I feel alliance is increasingly compelling. It gives the extra advantage of affecting other people who are not under your power. I have utilized this strategy. Individuals are frequently better persuaded by a partner or by the intensity of a gathering. It expels the entire difficult daily schedule of battling against something in light of the fact that someone or other needs you to. Another strategy which functions admirably, in any event when working with subordinates, is Bargaining. For whatever length of time that the two sides feel theyve been dealt with reasonably, it ordinarily creates incredible outcomes. We, as people, need to feel like we have an opinion valued by anyone. In the event that we enter a deal, we feel committed to create. Alongside this comes Friendliness. It also can be of extraordinary use in getting what you need from others. The most significant thing is to be earnest. Individuals see through bogus conduct and won't trust you on the off chance that they see it. On the harder side of things we can utilize Assertiveness and Sanctions. These can be successful in the event that you are forthcoming with your subordinates. Utilizing this strategy as a manipulative gadget will just prompt hatred. Approvals are in some cases like dealing. In the event that you do this conduct you will be remunerated/rebuffed. The last impact strategy is Symbol Management. Numerous corporate societies get wanted conduct from workers by enrolling this apparatus. Imagery can be compelling. We frequently do as we see. Appropriate good examples, strategies, maxims and positive activities at a firm will frequently bring wanted outcomes. Indeed, even in my vocation, when I have made an air of difficult work and commitment for our motivation, I have seen incredible outcomes. I figure the most significant thing we should do when we utilize any of these strategies is to keep our motivation clear and fluctuate the manners in which we approach getting individuals do what we need. Impact doesn't need to be a negative occasion. Business

How to Keep Negativity out of Your Marriage

How to Keep Negativity out of Your Marriage Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print How to Keep Negativity out of Your Marriage By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on February 01, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on February 01, 2020 Martin Siepmann/Stockbyte/Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Negativity can come in the form of cynicism, criticism, whining, attacking, pessimism, discontent, perfectionism, and hyperintensity. All of these behaviors can push people away, including your spouse. Dr. John Gottman, the founder of The Gottman Institute who has been doing research on relationships since the 1970s, points out that there is a magic relationship ratio of negative and positive reactions.?? In an article about Gottmans findings, Kyle Benson writes, That magic ratio is 5 to 1. This means that for every negative interaction during conflict, a stable and happy marriage has five (or more) positive interactions.?? What does that mean for your relationship? Can your marriage survive a high degree of negativity? Can someone overcome a negative outlook on life? These are good questions that many couples are faced with. Are You Naturally Negative? If you are concerned that you have a negative personality or lean that way, ask yourself the following questions.Do you find yourself in a bad mood on a regular basis? Do you dwell on bad things or painful memories?Are you critical of everyone in your life? Do you look at incidents and events from a negative perspective?Are you a perfectionist? If someone says, Good Morning, do you wonder whats good about it?Are you quick to say No and rarely say Yes to requests from your partner or kids?If you answer yes to most of these questions, your negative personality could have a harmful impact on your relationship. Change Your Pattern of Negativity If you are chronically negative, you can change your pattern of negative thinking. However, you have to want to make this change and no one can do it for you. Here are some things you can do to be more positive:?? Eat healthy foods.Be more accepting.Get enough sleep.Be willing to forgive both yourself and your partner.Practice mindfulness.Exercise.Do something each day that makes you smile. Keep this simple like listening to a favorite song, spending time on a creative hobby, watching a funny video, or taking a bubble bath.When you feel a negative response entering your mind, question it. Force yourself to think of something positive instead.Volunteer your time and do something for others.Stay in contact with positive people.Remind yourself of things you are thankful for.Honestly compliment your spouse whenever an appropriate opportunity, such as successfully  completing a difficult work project, presents itself.  Be open to seeking professional help. The Best Online Marriage Counseling Programs Help Your Negative Spouse If you are in a relationship with someone who has a negative personality, you are not responsible for making them feel better. However, here are some things you can do to help your partner be more positive:?? Do not take the negativity personally.Remember that the negativity is their problem, not yours.If your partner rejects your offers of help, dont overreact.Spend time with positive people. You could likely use some time off from the negativity at home.Invite your spouse to take a walk or do some fun activity with you at least once a week.Acknowledge your partners positive accomplishments.Encourage your partner to try new things.Dont be afraid to say Enough! and change the subject to something more positive.Be open to seeking professional help. Turn the Negative Into Positives Overall, keep in mind the advice of Dr. Gottman: for every negative create five positives. It can be a challenge at times and no relationship or marriage is perfect. However, having fun, being open to communication, and enjoying each other are some of the keys to a healthy and happy marriage. Do your best and try to counteract any negativity you experience. You may be surprised at the effect it has on both of you over time.

The Importance Of A Credit Risk Management - 973 Words

These are general factors which are important in process of controlling credit risk management by the banking industries from all over the world. Proper consideration of these factors in for the proper credit risk management process is very essential. Thus the study of these factors is always helpful for the banks. 2.2.1.1 Importance of proper policy for risk management in banks While looking at the events of financial crisis of the various countries it can be said that misunderstanding of the development of the risk factors from their roots and failure to formulate appropriate policies to tackle those risk may lead to the rise of highly unfavourable consequences (Hilbers, Otker-Robe, Pazarbasioglu, Johnsen, 2005). McNaughton and Barltrop (1992) states that well formulated credit policies of the banks will provide the base to act according to the certain standards and parameters to avoid unnecessary risks during business expansion. These policies plays prominent role in all stages of credit from proper appraisal of credit facilities by the credit officers to evaluation of those facilities by board, management and risk auditors. 2.2.1.2. Various factors for safe lending process needed to be applied by banks The business of any bank is providing loans. Thus there are various factors which are extremely necessary to be taken into deep consideration before providing credit facilities to the client. These factors are more important while providing realShow MoreRelatedRole of Financial Statements in Decision Making1634 Words   |  7 PagesTOPIC: ASESSMENT OF CREDIT RISK IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT THE ABSTRACT This proposal study explores financial credit risk assessment. This is an important issue because there is currently no standardized method used by financial institutions for the assessment of credit risk. 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And suggests that Risk Management for Islamic banks include three basic components: Establishing Appropriate Risk Management Environment and Sound Policies a nd ProceduresRead MoreDifferent Theories Of The Credit Risk Management1732 Words   |  7 Pagesprimarily discuss the different theories of the credit risk management .The first chapter will be divided into two parts; the first part will be the theoritical review of the credit risk management. The second part will be studying the importance of credit riskmanagement within an organization; we will see credit risk functions and effectiveness. The purpose of the chapter is to understand in the best way possible the credit risk management and its importance within a bank. The theoretical framework orRead MoreFinancial Management Systems Are Of Great Importance To1584 Words   |  7 PagesFinancial management systems are of great importance to business success. There are many reasons why most firms plunge into financial disaster. Some of these factors include loss of market share, excess debt, management problems and technology changes (Kierulff Peterson, 2009). Specifically, the successful management of working capital is crucial to the success of a business and their survivals to a great extend due to economic volatility. The pace at which new firms are established and the desireRead MoreIt was said that:Good risk management requires good ethics; and good ethics require good risk900 Words   |  4 PagesIt was said that:Good risk management requires good ethics; and good ethics require good risk management. Do you know the reason that good risk management and good ethics should work together? The report will begin with the definitions of these two fields. Firstly, Risk management is a process to make decisions which plan to minimize the business losses on an organization, and reduce the number or size of these losses. For ethics, it seems like a standard aiming to comply with certain rules orRead MoreThe New Science Of Winning Book1733 Words   |  7 PagesIn the New Science of Winning book, (Davenport Harris, 2007, p.7) analytics is defined as â€Å"the extensive use of data, statistical and quantitative analysis, explanatory and predictive models, and fact-based management to drive decisions and actions.† [1]. To be successful in today’s competition, my current employer, DLL Financial Solutions Partner (DLL), is competing on analytics and fully aligned its core strategies to be supported by extensive statistical and computer based decisions. DLL isRead MoreEnterprise Risk Management ( Erm )1726 Words   |  7 PagesEnterprise Risk Management (ERM) is the ability to identify, manage and/or mitigate risks th at can affect the overall business operations down to the day to day operations of an organization (Hampton, J., 2009). 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Risk management should be a continuous and developing process which runs throughout the organization‟s strategy and the implementationRead MoreRole of Bank Capital1375 Words   |  6 Pagesequal with the amount of risks assumed and hold enough to weather severe and considerably long financial storms. Roles of Bank Capital Banks are susceptible to many forms of systematic risk which at times can evolve into industrial crisis. The risks they face include credit risk, market risk, business risk and interest rate risk to name a few. And bank capital plays an essential role in the absorption of losses related to these risks. Credit Risk Credit risk is the risk that an obligator willRead MoreImportance of Risk Management1157 Words   |  5 PagesMGD426 Risk Management Overview A risk is, consequently, a hazard that can derail an organization from accomplishing a business process, project, or any activity that is vital to a company’s sustenance. There are different classifications of risks: financial, operational, infrastructure, human capital, and marketing risks. These risks embody subcategories of risks that can negatively affect the company. Leverage, receivables, and investments are risks can hinder the financial situations of a

An Adult Returning to School Essay Samples - Is it a Scam?

An Adult Returning to School Essay Samples - Is it a Scam? The function of education in society may not be underestimated in any manner. A society that doesn't uphold education is regarded as a society free of vision and moral standing. In addition to its growing cultural and ethnic diversity, State University is turning into a master at developing a niche for each student. Another component of his success has been his capacity to assemble a really strong board. Tidying Is not a hard task. Has up-to-date abilities and the capability to learn new abilities and procedures easily. In the modern learning environment, the procedure is entirely online and better part of the process is all about writing. Superior luck and resource-rich communities aren't evenly distributed. It was quite easy to realize how far behind one could get if you didn't get the job done together with other folks. Not everybody can afford superior education, and that's why some folks elect to join the institution's scholarship program. There are several alternatives and things to aid you in getting your degree, so begin working on that now. You also need to speak to your school about the expenses of getting your degree and the way you are able to make an application for financial aid. Many adults considering their alternatives to return to college are concerned they will not meet the requirements for financial aid. You're advised to consult someone in the financial aid office of the institution in which you intend to study for assistance in submitting an application for a grant that will meet your needs. Go home and do what you want to do in order to grieve. In the event that you were downsized, permit the admissions officers know. Students may get this grant for as much as 12 semesters, but must finish the FAFSA and other requirements to keep eligibility every year. Take a look at the campus you need to attend to see whether you feel you would feel comfortable there and see whether you are able to speak to other mature students already attending. Students with disabilities may use the funds to obtain assistive devices to permit them to access classes or another equipment required to finish their study programs. Going to school today is quite pricey and not all people have the luxery I do. Simply take the opportunity to thoroughly research each school prior to applying. When you're in high school, it's definite that you're expected to do a few write-ups and projects which require pen and paper. School was generally an enjoyable place to attend for everybody. As soon as it's helpful to obtain a minumum of one letter from a professor, it may not be possible to get hold of your old professors. Be sure to pick a person who is supportive of your choice to come back to school, as well someone who has good writing abilities. Chris has finally begun to devote a bit more time on himself, learning how to paint and reading. When you're going back to college, you will require support from your family members. What is Actually Happening with an Adult Returning to School Essay Samples Also, an expected client might use matter from this kind of essay. Most companies supply you with the very first part of a Sample essay. There are a couple significant reasons for why it is preferable to type out sources word for word in your research in place of only take notes. It is essential that one ought to synchronize and structure the entire process of writing a book so there is an appropriate plan of action to follow and the content doesn't go haywire. It's simple to point out an essay that's been written solely for the interest of it. You are likely to be offered an essay on nearly every subject for a specific price. An excellent essay is one which leaves a long-lasting impression. Viewing a Sample essay and considering the matter of plagiarism is extremely important.

Placement Three †Critical reflection Free Essays

string(113) " plans could lead to an improved self-image and a greater likelihood that they will reach their treatment goals\." Introduction According to Doel (2010) social work placements provide not just the opportunity for practice learning, ‘they are about a wider philosophy, linking practice to academic learning, research and continuing professional development’ (p4). Consequently, placement forms an integral part of the journey of Social Work Education. My third and final placement has been within the Social work team on Thames ward, River House, Bethlem Royal Hospital which is a Medium Secure Psychiatric facility providing treatment and rehabilitation for 15 male, mentally disordered offenders with a diagnosis of mental illness and or personality disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Placement Three – Critical reflection or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through this critical reflection on my placement I will be looking at my learning in areas such as law and policy, risk, linking theory to practice, communication and multi-professional working which have all formed an integral part of my placement. Moreover, I will also be exploring my learning and personal development in areas such as anti-discriminatory practice, reflective practice and the role of supervision in my development throughout placement. Having successfully completed all of my academic modules as well as two practice placements I felt somewhat better prepared for this placement than I did with my first. I felt that I had grown as a professional and now possessed proven practical skills. Moreover, I felt more confident in my ability to work with service users; linking social work theories and values to my practice. However, having no experience of working with this service user group I felt slightly anxious about my placement, especially as it was within a Secure Unit and that I would be working with purely male service users. This was not helped by my first visit to River House, the high perimeter fences and strict security procedures led to me feeling that I was entering a prison as opposed to a hospital environment. Upon reflection I felt that my anxiety was largely due to my negative preconceptions about mental illness especially my belief that mentally ill people are violent, unpredictable, and dangerous. These views were not only a result of a lack of knowledge about mental illness and personality disorders but also about the influence of negative media and cultural stereotypes that I had grown up with. I realised that these views were something that I would need to continually be aware of throughout this placement so as to work in an anti discriminatory manner (Unit 19). According to Thompson (2006) good practice is anti-discriminatory; therefore, being aware of avoiding assumptions which are discriminatory or oppressive can contribute positively to empowerment of service users. Mullen (2000) highlights that forensic mental health involves the assessment and treatment of those who are both mentally disordered and whose behaviour has led, or could lead, to offending (p309). Additionally, McInerny (2004) highlights that although secure hospitals are not prisons it is important that the relationship between security and therapy is properly managed. Through working as part of the clinical team I came to understand that the role of the unit is the treatment and rehabilitation of the patients with a large focus on risk management and care planning. I initially found it challenging to not look at patients from a purely medical perspective, for example by immediately attributing patient’s offending as a consequence of their mental illness. I benefited from a teaching session with the Clinical psychiatrist who clarified that mental illness does not cause patients to commit crimes rather, the propensity to commit a criminal offence is demographically determined . Additionally, I learnt that certain mental illnesses gave patients the propensity to commit particular crimes for example that there is a link between personality disorders and antisocial behaviours. Discrimination and empowerment Although patients were transferred on and off the ward throughout my placement I noted that there were disproportionate amount of black African and Caribbean men on the ward. As the placement progressed I noted that that throughout River house black and ethnic minority men formed a large proportion of the patients. A number of studies including one by Harrison (2002) have found that in comparison African-Caribbean men are more likely to be admitted to psychiatric hospitals, diagnosed with schizophrenia and sectioned under the Mental Health Act. Additionally a 2008 mental health services census found that that overall rates of detention were higher than average among the black Caribbean and black African men by 20 to 36 per cent (Commission for Healthcare Audit and Inspection 2008). According to Harrison (2002) negative attitudes towards mental distress can be compounded by other forms of discrimination such as race for example the belief that black men are more likely to be violent t han their white counterparts. The majority of staff on the ward including myself and my practice teacher were from black and ethnic minority groups and I initially wondered whether the patients took this as a positive and empowering factor in that they could identify with the nurses and social worker. Conversely, whether given that those who could be said to hold the ‘real decision making power’ such as the psychiatrist were white, additionally the majority of the ethnic minority staff were female, I wondered whether the patients felt disempowered by this. However as the placement developed it emerged that all professionals on the ward worked in unison and that decisions were always made by the multi professional team as a whole (Unit 17). I felt that this projected a message to the patients that none of the professional worked in isolation; as such they could attribute respect to us all as part of their care team. I found that that there was a good level of patient involvement in their own care pla ns as wells patients’ views being taken into consideration in decision making processes. Consequently I felt that this helped to empower the patients to a degree (Unit 5, Unit 7). Chinman et al (1999) contends participation treatment planning can also be empowering, in addition, that people with severe mental illness being able to actively participate in designing their own treatment plans could lead to an improved self-image and a greater likelihood that they will reach their treatment goals. You read "Placement Three – Critical reflection" in category "Essay examples" However, authors such as Rosenfeld and Turkheimer (1995) and Linhorst et al (2002) argue, the severity of mental illness can be the main barrier to empowerment as some patients may lack the full capacity to process information, weigh choices and make informed decisions about their treatment. Furthermore, there is a danger that some patients especially those who have been in-patients for extended periods of time, may have become institutionalised or dependant on mental health services and as such do not ever have a fully desire to engage in and progress through patient recovery pathways. According to Golightley (2004) social workers need to work in unison with medical and other health professionals whilst remaining at the forefront of processes that include and empower services users. As a result I found that it was important to develop as good of a relationship as I could with each of the patients I worked with (Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 5). According to Mason (2011) â€Å"Relationships are recognised as an integral and influential component of the therapeutic process and highly influential within service users’ care and treatment. This is even more important due to the power imbalance exists between patients and professionals† The patients on the ward engage in many therapeutic activities including groups such as understanding mental illness, index related work, substance misuse. Although patients may find it empowering to engage in therapeutic activities and groups as these would aid their recovery and rehabilitation; this for me raised questions about the power that professionals hold over the patient as well as the genuine nature of the patient’s engagement. That is because patients engagement in such activities directly correlated with the amount of progress they made towards discharge. Authors such as Lowry (1998) argue that within forensic mental health settings, patients are contained in an environment which automatically restricts choice, and autonomy. Consequently, the focus has tended to be on ‘compliance’ rather than active service user ‘engagement’ in therapeutic interventions. Rogers et al (1997), defined empowerment as â€Å"the connection between a sense of personal competence, a desire for and a willingness to take action in the public domain’’. Through my time on the ward I directly empowered patients in a number of ways (Unit 2, Unit3, Unit 5, Unit 6, Unit 10). This includes ensuring I incorporated their views in my assessments and allowed them to read my assessments and raise any concerns that they had before the final drafts were submitted (Unit 3, Unit 11, Unit 14, Unit 16 ). Moreover I ensured I gained their consent to gather information about them from their family or other services. I ensured that I provided patients informed choice over how they handle their finances as some patients’ finances were managed by their family. Additionally, I did some specific work supporting a patient to re-establish contact with his sister where he had previously no contact with any family members. I also supported another patient to make an informed decision about his relinquishing the tenancy of his flat. Although these patients have no choice about being in hospital I found that being able to make such decisions and take corresponding actions was very empowering for them. This is supported by Jones Meleis (1993) who contend that empowerment is both process and outcome, which encompass people’s rights, strengths and abilities, implying competence or the development of potential. Linking theory to practice Being in a hospital environment there was undoubted a large emphasis on the medical model in which mental health is looked at in relation to illness and illness management. However, especially where a patient was due to be discharged great emphasis was placed on the social model which included the understanding that social exclusion and stigma could present as ‘the greatest barrier to social inclusion and recovery’ for the patients (Social Exclusion Unit 2004). This is because of society’s negative perceptions about people with mental health problems can lead to them being stigmatised, labelled as being violent, and dangerous. Although at the beginning I held some of these views, working closer with the patients on my ward, as well as spending time in community hostels and community mental health teams, I came to see how difficult it is for our patients to reintegrate back into society and the anxiety that this caused them prior to discharge (Unit 19). This is bec ause they not only suffered from a mental illness but the fact that they had also been through the criminal justice system, leading to them possibly suffering discriminated on multiply grounds. Thus with regards to my role I found that the social model in addition to the dominant medical model formed the underlying rationale for the work I did. Through conducting various assessments I was able to gain a better appreciation for the need to take a multi-faceted approach in working with patients and as such developed my ability to link social work theories to practice. According to Golightly (2008) the likely cause of mental disorder is a complex interaction between a range of factors; encompassing biological, psychological and social factors (p36). Consequently, mental health should always be addressed from a perspective that ‘reflects the understanding that human beings are biological, psychological and social creatures all at the same time’ (Dombeck and Wells-Moran, 2006, p52) (Unit18). Using Collingwood’s (2005) model I noted that I used theories such as systems theory, theories on attachment and loss, as well as a biological and psychological models to inform my practice and assessments. A systemic approach takes the view that an individual is best understood through assessing the interactions within their family, community and wider socio-political environments (Payne 1997, p123). This is important especially as the majority of our patients fit within a particular demographic that being males from ethnic minority backgrounds many of who have experienced disadvantaged upbringings and disruptive family backgrounds. This is also the reason why theories relating to attachment and loss are pertinent in informing assessments. Biological and psychological models provide an important basis for the formation of understanding, treating and managing mental illness and personality disorders. Through this placement I have learnt that it is important to combine knowled ge from these theoretical perspectives in order to produce a comprehensive assessment (Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 6). As well as theories which are used to inform practice there are also theories which are used to intervene, these include biological and psychological models through the use of medication and both group and individual therapies. I found that I largely took a person centred approach in working with the patient’s especially in the assessment process in that I strove to identify what was important to the patient from their own perspective and strove to find appropriate solutions (Brewis, 2007, p.4) (Unit 18) . In doing so, I also used task centred practice. According to Howe (1987 p82) in task centred practice, problems are defined as identifiable pieces of behaviour, goals are set and mutually agreed with service users, involvement proceeds by way of small sequential, manageable steps. Payne (1997) argues that task centred work aims for collaboration between worker and client to target problems where the goal is to utilise, extend and consolidate the service user’s strengt h and abilities (p.108). However Doel (1994) argues that although this would not be an equal partnership, in the sense that powers roles and responsibilities would differ, however, true partnership is open about these differences as ‘partnership should be based on a common understanding of the reason for doing the work’ (p30). For example after undertaking an assessment of a patient I would give them the assessment to read within a given time frame and ask them to make note of any errors or questions that they had about their assessment. As with my first placement I learnt that the process of assessment is an intervention within itself in that I was able to challenge patients to think about their overall progress as well as specific inappropriate behaviours, but also to look into their insight into their mental illnesses and index offences (Unit 9). Underpinning my use of theories are the social work values, in this placement there was a heavy focus on anti-discriminatory practice, advocacy and empowerment (Unit 19). Moreover, I learnt that as a professional I was also a resource in that I was able to communicate patient needs and concerns to the clinical team, advocate for and provide information to the patients where necessary (Unit 10). I felt that as the placement progressed and my knowledge in areas such as the Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007) and awareness of support services and agencies increased, I was able to provide a better service to the patients. Emotional intelligence During both my first and second placements I developed a greater understanding of the term ‘emotional intelligence’ as developed by Salovey and Mayer (1990). Emotional intelligence is about being an aware of my own emotions and the need to not only manage but also to reflect upon them so as to see how they might affect my interactions with patients and ultimately how they impact upon my assessments (Unit 18, Unit 20). According to Howe (2009) emotional intelligence can have an affects on behaviour, I found that this was important to note as from the onset of this placement I was aware that I held negative stereotypes about mental illness and as such was concerned as to how this would affect the way that I worked. According to Taylor and White (2000) ‘the assumptions we have about social problems and the people who experience these problems have ethical and practical consequences’ (cited in D’Cruz, Gillingham and Melendez (2007). I found that as the pl acement progressed and as I gained greater knowledge and understanding of mental illness and personality disorders I was able to overcome some of my fears and prejudices. However, due to the nature of the work I always remained aware of the potential risks and the need to manage this risk by for example carrying my ASCOM alarm at all times whilst on the ward, ensuring I sat close to exits and alarms when alone with patients in the interviews rooms etc. (Unit 13). I felt that my ability to manage and reflect upon my own emotions and those of others was tested during this placement especially on one occasion when I felt caught in an ongoing issue between a challenging patient and his family (Unit 20). In this instance in as much as I could understand the family’s concern about the patient, who was spending his money erratically, I tried to impart on the family the many difficulties I was faced with in working with the patient. However it soon emerged that, as I continued to liaise with the patient and his family, both parties were challenging to work with. This was due not only to the patient’s perception that decisions were being made about him without his involvement but also the families concerns that the patient was being allowed to spend his money despite there being a ward policy in place allowing only ?40 weekly. In this situation I found it difficult to manage the patients emotions (especially as he was quite unwell at tim es became verbally aggressive), those of the family as well as my own and had to turn to the multi disciplinary care team to help me to deal with the situation (Unit 17). My ability to manage and contain the emotions of others was also tested whilst shadowing my Practice Teacher in her capacity as an Approved Mental Health Professional. In this instance a decision was made to assess a man under section 2, Mental Health Act, (1983, amended in 2007), who was felt to be suffering from a mental disorder. The police were called due to the fact that he had assaulted one of the assessing psychiatrists and he needed to be safely conveyed to hospital to minimise further risk to others. I found the whole experience quite difficult to handle emotionally, especially as I spent the majority of the assessment with his mother who became quite very distressed at seeing her son being taking away by police even if it was to hospital for treatment. I found remaining calm and professional in this instance very difficult in that dealing with the emotions his mother as well as the chaotic manor of the situation was quite overwhelming. Upon reflection I feel that this situa tion highlighted some of my initial reservations about working with mentally ill service users but it also highlighted to me the impact that mental illness can have on the families of the patients. The situation also highlighted that I needed to continue to build my emotional resolve as I would undoubtedly experience more distressing situations in my role as a qualified social work practitioner (Unit 20). Legislation Similar to my first placement I quickly learnt how legal and policy requirements direct practice, with the Mental Health Act (1983) as amended by the Mental health Act (2007) being the main legal instrument in use in this setting. The Mental Health Act (1983) covers the detention of people who are deemed to be a risk to themselves or others. The Act sets out the legal framework for the care and treatment of mentally disordered persons, by providing the legislation under which people suffering from a mental disorder can be detained in hospital to have their disorder assessed or treated against their wishes (Unit 18). The Act gives powers for Crown or Magistrates Courts to remand an accused person to hospital either for treatment or for a report on their mental disorder. It also provides powers for a Court to make a hospital order for the detention in hospital of a person convicted of an offence who requires treatment and care; this is done on the basis of two medical recommendations. A restriction order under section 41 may be imposed at the same time which places restrictions on movement and discharge of a patient detained under section a 37 hospital treatment order; all movement is then subject to agreement from the Ministry of Justice this is necessary to minimise risk to the public. Moreover, the Act also contains powers to transfer prisoners to hospital for treatment of a mental disorder under section 48/49. Patients may apply to Mental Health Review Tribunals (First Tier Tribunals) who consider whether the conditions for continued detention are still present and have the power to order a conditional or absolute discharge. Patients can also apply to the Hospital Managers to review their case. Throughout this placement I was continually developing an understanding of the application of the Mental Health Act (Unit 18). I became especially interested in the effect of section 41, I found it interesting that for some patients this provided impetus for them to w ork towards their own recovery and discharge by engaging fully in their care plans, through partaking in therapeutic groups, not using illicit substances, or posing as management problems in order to evidence to the Ministry of justice that their overall risks had decreased. However others appeared content to remain in hospital and were not actively working towards their discharged. This led to me considering whether some patients had become dependent on institutional care. Risk In my first placement in a Children’s Services safeguarding team I found the concept of ‘risk’ difficult to fully understand. I found it difficult to identify risk and as such address how it could be minimised and managed. In my second placement work with The AIDS Support Organisation in Uganda, risk was an obvious concept to appreciate. Throughout this placement I feel that I have really developed a greater understanding of the concept of risk and as such I have gained greater confidence in the identification of risk and assessment of how it can be managed (Unit 9, Unit 12, Unit 13). According to Scott (1977) ‘risk’ is defined by an assessment of a particular behaviour, the potential damage or likely harm from that behaviour and the probability that it will occur and under what circumstances. Moreover, following research on mental illness and violent behaviour Mossman (1994) argues that past behaviour can be used as the best predictor of future behav iour. I was able to use this knowledge whilst working with the patients on a daily basis but crucially I used this knowledge to inform my assessments so as to be able to identify and assess risks posed by the patients using past and present behaviours. Mullen (2000) argues that mental health services have a responsibility to do all that they can to provide appropriate care and support to those mentally disordered people with the aim to identify and manage risks before they manifest in violence. Throughout this placement I have had to be conscious of ‘risk’ on a daily basis, I have learnt that in as much as the patients could pose a risk to themselves as well as others, their mental illness also leaves them vulnerable and at risk of harm themselves (Unit 12). Rehabilitation Throughout this placement risk was strongly linked with the concept of rehabilitation. As with everything else on this placement I found that rehabilitation was a multi faceted exercise that involved a variety of professionals, treatments and approaches. This includes medication for the treatment and management of the symptoms of mental health, therapies such as art and relaxation, groups to improve social functioning and provide patients with greater insight not only into mental illness but also issues such as substance misuse. A theory that I found that was used whenever the term ‘rehabilitation’ was mentioned was the ‘Recovery Model’. The Recovery Model is an approach to the treatment of mental illness that emphasizes and supports an individual’s potential for recovery. Recovery is seen as a personal journey as opposed to a destination that may involve developing hope, a secure base and sense of self, supportive relationships, empowerment, social i nclusion, coping skills, and meaning (Jacobson and Greenley (2001). Due to the complexities of need presented by service users within the setting of the medium secure unit, it is important that a range of approaches and treatments is taken in order to aid recovery. As I have previously stated this includes therapeutic group-work such as the managing mental health group which I co-facilitated (Unit 8). I learnt the importance of constantly reviewing the therapies and services that are provided to the patients in order to measure their effectiveness for example in the group I facilitated at the end of the group sessions I was involved in writing individual patient evaluations where I looked at each patients’ engagement to see what they were gaining from the process (Unit 15). This is important as authors like Heinzel (2000) argue that it cannot be forgotten that groups although therapeutic they are also cost effective as they allow for the delivery of relevant support to a larg er number of patients at the same time, consequently reviewing their performance is of grave importance. Social work also played a role in this by ensuring that patients’ social needs were met through liaising and facilitating visits from family and friends and ensuring patients were receiving the correct benefits etc. This was more important for patients that were due to be discharged as I was involved in looking for appropriate accommodation and daytime occupation for patients all of which are fundamental part of rehabilitating patients back into the community. Moreover, I learnt that giving patients leave from the ward and hospital premises was also important in allowing them to become reintegrated back into society. According to Mullen (2000) rehabilitation is a preventative process as striving to decrease the risk posed by an individual is not only beneficial for others but also for the individual themselves in enabling them to move closer to living safely in the community. The focus on treatment, care and rehabilitation highlighted to me that despite being a secure environ ment unlike prison, the aim is not to confine and contain offenders as punishment but rather to treat and provide care. Part of rehabilitation involves being reintroduced back into the community, I was involved in an in numbers referrals to hostels as well as accompanying patients to their assessment visits. Also when the facilitation of a move into a community hostel placement broke down, I was also involved in gaining new funding for a new placement as well as completing the referral to the new provider in a short space of time (Unit 4, Unit 15). Multi-professional working Risk management, rehabilitation and care planning are all heavily reliant on effective multi professional working (Unit 17). A great example of this that I took part in during placement was the Care Programme approach (CPA). Section 117 of the Mental Health Act (1983) places a duty on health and social services to provide after care to patients detained under the Act. The CPA was originally developed as a response to poor after care services in mental health services and provides a framework for care coordination and resource allocation. Consequently, CPA is essential to providing seamless care for service users. Within this framework multi-disciplinary working is seen as the main vehicle for the assessment, planning, organising, delivering and monitoring of services (Wix and Humphreys 2005). This is because the CPA focuses on both the health and social care needs of the patient with the aim to ensure that service users have access to the full range of community support they need in order to promote their recovery and integration (Unit 5, Unit 7, Unit 14, Unit 16, Unit 17). Consequently, I have learnt that multi-disciplinary work and multi-agency working plays a central role in producing comprehensive assessments and care plans (Unit 11). According to Wigfall and Moss (2001), multi-agency work is ‘about bring various professions together to understand a particular problem, in this sense they afford different perspectives on issues at hand’ (p71 cited in Walker (2008) p13). Unlike my first placement I felt a greater part of the multi professional team and that the professionals were able to work in unison for the benefit of the patients. Supervision Supervision formed an integral part of this placement. According to Noble and Irwin (2009) supervision is underpinned by a shared commitment to fostering a learning-centred partnership and that this learning partnership becomes an essential component of professional development. Similar to my first placement I found this statement to be true as supervision enabled me develop reflective as well as reflexive practice (Unit 18, Unit 19, Unit 21). However, due to the unfamiliar nature of this placement setting, supervision became even more important as â€Å"a bridge across the education-practice gap† (Tsui, 2005) in that it was in supervision that I received teaching around mental illnesses and other related areas such as law. This was especially important as unlike my first placement where I had already undertaken an entire academic module on assessment in Children and Families, I had not received as much focused learning on mental health. Consequently, supervision became a valu able tool in not only increasing my knowledge in this area but also for my overall professional development (Unit 18). Supervision also enabled me to think about research and best practice guidance and to work towards incorporating evidence-based methods into my practice. Through supervision I felt that I was able to develop what Urdang (2010) refers to as ‘centred and stable professional self’ (p.525) ensuring that I did not become overly-involved with the patients but maintained professional boundaries, keeping in mind risk and safety procedures whilst maintain a good working relationship with patients. Moreover I was able to work toward promoting values of best Social Work Practice, especially ensuring that I worked in a holistic manner as authors such as Kadushin (1990) argue that ‘the myth of sameness can result in oppression’. Additionally, Thompson (2009) argues that â€Å"treating everybody the same’ simply has the effect of reinforcing exis ting inequalities’ (p.140). That was very important to bare in mind as the patients had been already labelled and categorized as ‘mentally ill offenders’, I had to work to ensure that I treated them all as individuals. Additionally, supervision provided the opportunity to think about the ethical issues that were raised in working with the patients for example balancing my own feelings about some of the clients’ offences and ensuring that this did not impact on the working relationship I had with them (Unit 20). Thompson (2009) highlights that such considerations are important because of the tension that balancing care and control creates in such a working environment. Conclusion Reaching the end of this placement has allowed me to reflect back on my personal and professional progress not only in this placement but also throughout my studies as a whole. I feel that this placement has afforded me greater understanding and knowledge of mental illness and has made me less anxiety about working with mentally ill people in the future. In my first placement I identified a future learning goal as increasing my capacity to manage stress as well as prioritising my work so as to be more effective. I felt that I was able to achieve this more within this placement than before and I can attribute that to the great amount of support I received not only from my practice teacher but from the entire multi-professional team on Thames ward. This placement has also provided me with the opportunity to work with groups of individuals in order to achieve positive change; I was able to refine my skills in presenting information and engaging individuals in group discussions and debates. I felt that overall I found it easier having already completed two placements to link theory and academic learning to my practice and felt that this was demonstrated in the assessments that I undertook as well as my direct work with patients (Unit 3). Unlike the first placement I felt a greater sense that I was part of a multi professional team and felt that I had greater involvement in the decision making processes including Hospital Managers meetings and Mental Health Review Tribunals. In as much as I learnt a lot on this placement I have identified some future learning needs. Although, this placement was not as emotive as my first placement I feel that I will need to continue to develop my emotional resilience and ability to manage stress and stressful situations including dealing with difficult clients and their families. I feel that as I go on to practice as a qualified social worker I will need to continually strive to be a reflective and reflexive practitioner, I will need to continue to use evidence based practices and promote best social work practice. Overall I have thoroughly enjoyed this placement; I feel that my practice teacher provided me with interesting and varied learning opportunities which enabled me to get a comprehensive understanding and experience of forensic mental health social work. I felt that I was able to form positive working relationships with staff and patients as reflected in my service user and colleague feedback; I hope that I made a positive contribution to the team and also to the patients. References 1.Brewis, R. (2007) A Voice and A Choice: self-directed support by people with mental health needs, a discussion paper http://www.in-control.org.uk/media/6235/a%20voice%20and%20a%20choice%20.pdf Chinman MJ, Allende M, Weingarten J, Tworkowski S, Davidson L (1999). A Road To Collaborative Treatment Planning And Provider Perspectives. Journal Of Behavioral Health Services And Research, 26:211–218 Collingwood P. (2005) ‘Integrating theory and Practice, the three stage theory framework’ Journal of Practice Teaching in Health and Social Work. Vol 6, No 1, p 6-23 Commission For Healthcare Audit And Inspection (2008). Count Me, Results Of The 2008 National Census Of Inpatients In Mental Health And Learning Disability Services In England And Wales London: Commission For Healthcare Audit And Inspection. D’Cruz, H., Gillingham, P. Melendez, S. (2007). Reflexivity, its meanings and relevance for social work: A critical review of the literature. British Journal of Social Work, 37, 73-90. Doel, M. (1994) Task Centred Work in Hanvey, C. and Philpot T. (Eds.) Practising Social Work London Routledge pp. 22-34 Doel, M. (2010], Social Work Placements: A Traveller’s Guide, London: Routledge Dombeck, M. and Wells-Moran, J. (2006) The Bio-Psycho-Social Model available online at http://www.centersite.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=docid=9709cn=353 accessed 13/06/2011. Golightley M (2004) Social Work And Mental Health, Learning Matters, Exeter Golightly, M, (2008) Social Work and Mental Health, (3rd edition), Learning Matters, Exeter. Harrison, G., 2002, ‘Ethnic Minorities And The Mental Health Act’, The British Journal Of Psychiatry (2002) 180: 198-199 Heinzel, R. (2000). Outpatient psychoanalytic individual and group psychotherapy in a nationwide follow-up study in Germany. Group Analysis, 33. Howe, D (2009) The Emotionally Intelligent Social Worker. Basingstoke Howe, D. (1987) An Introduction to Social Work Theory. Aldershot, Wildwood House. 15. Jacobson, N. and Greenley, D. (2001). ‘What Is RecoveryA Conceptual Model and Explication, Psychiatric Services, 52, pp 482-485. 16. Jones P.S and Meleis A.L (1993). Health Is Empowerment. Advances In Nursing Science, 15:1–14 17. Kadushin, A (1990) The Social Work Interview, New York: Columbia University Press Linhorst D.M, Hamilton G, Young E, Eckert A (2002). Opportunities And Barriers To Empowering People With Severe Mental Illness Through Participation In Treatment Planning. Social Work, 47:425–434 Lowry (1998), Issues Of Non-Compliance In Mental Health. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 28: 280–287 Mason, Kathryn And Adler, Joanna R. (2011) Factors That Influence Engagement In Therapeutic Group-Work Within A High Security Hospital Environment: Male Service User Perspectives. British Journal Of Forensic Practice Mcinerny, T. Minne, C. (2004). Principles Of Treatment For Mentally Disordered Offenders. Criminal Behaviour Mental Health, 14 Suppl 1, S43-S47. Milner, J. and O’Byrne, P. (2002). Assessment in Social Work . Basingstoke: Palgrave. Mossman, D. (1994) Assessing Predictions of Violence: Being Accurate about Accuracy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62 (4) 783-792. Mullen, P.E, (2000) Forensic Mental Health The British Journal Of Psychiatry 176: 307-311 Noble, C. Irwin, J. (2009). Social work supervision: An exploration of the current challenges in a rapidly changing social, economic, and political environment. Journal of Social Work, 9 (3), 345-358 Payne, M. (1997) Modern Social Work Theory, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan Publications, Rogers SE, Chamberlin J, Langer EM, Crean T (1997). A Consumer Constructed Scale To Measure Empowerment Among Users Of Mental Health Services. Psychiatric Services, 48:1042–1047 Rosenfeld B.D, Turkheimer E.N (1995). Modelling Psychiatric Patients’ Treatment Decision Making. Law And Human Behavior, 19:389–405 Scott, P. D. (1977) Assessing dangerousness in criminals. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 127–142 Social Exclusion Unit (2004) Mental Health And Social Exclusion. London: Office of The Deputy Prime Minister. Thompson, N (2009) Understanding Social Work, Basingstoke: Palgrave Thompson, N. (2006) Anti Discriminatory Practice (4th Edition) Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan. Tsui, Ming-sum (2005). Social Work Supervision: Contexts and Concepts. New Deli: Sage Urdang, E (2010) ‘Awareness of self – a critical tool,’ Social Work Education, vol 29:5 pp.523-538 Walker, G. (2008) Working Together for Children: A Critical Introduction to Multi-Agency Working. London: Continuum International Publishing Group Wix S Humphreys M, S. (2005) eds. Multidisciplinary Working in Forensic Mental Health Care.) Oxford: Elsevier Science Zastrow, C. (2009). Introduction To Social Work And Social Welfare: Empowering People: Cengage Learning. How to cite Placement Three – Critical reflection, Essay examples

Plot Twist Essay Example

Plot Twist Essay A plot twist is a change in the expected direction or outcome of the plot of a film, television series, video game, novel, comic or other fictional work. It is a common practice in narration used to keep the interest of an audience, usually surprising them with a revelation. Some twists are foreshadowed and can thus be predicted by many viewers/readers, whereas others are a complete shock. When a plot twist happens near the end of a story, especially if it changes ones view of the preceding events, it is known as a twist ending. Revealing the existence of a plot twist often spoils a movie, since the majority of the movie generally builds up to the plot twist. A device used to undermine the expectations of the audience is the false protagonist. It involves presenting a character at the start of the film as the main character, but then disposing of this character, usually killing them. It is a red herring. Example of a plot twist An early example of the murder mystery genre[1] with multiple twists[2] was the Arabian Nights tale The Three Apples. It begins with a fisherman discovering a locked chest. The first twist occurs when the chest is broken open and the dead body is found inside. The initial search for the murderer fails, and a twist occurs when two men appear, separately claiming to be the murderer. A complex chain of events finally reveal the murderer to be the investigators own slave. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A flashing arrow is a metaphorical audiovisual cue used in films to bring some object or situation that will be referred later, or otherwise used in the advancement of plot, to the attention of the viewers. The device is not introduced into the plot or the dialogue, but is something peripheral; however made obvious (hence the name) by a particular camera shot or background music. An example of this device is a camera close-up in a horror movie that suggests information like danger from an unlocked door. A literal flashing arrow was used in the 1981 film Student Bodies to mock this cliched use. [1] The use of flashing arrows and that particular joke were both mentioned in Everything Bad is Good for You, where the authors says works that have little use of this and require figuring things out yourself have a more deductive viewer base. Another example of a literal flashing arrow can be seen in the Ouran High School Host Club. This device is used several times throughout the anime—for instance in the first episode, a flashing arrow and high-pitched beeping oise indicate a vase that a character breaks later on in that scene. Red herring is an idiomatic expression referring to the rhetorical or literary tactic of diverting attention away from an item of significance. [1] For example, in mystery fiction, where the identity of a criminal is being sought, an innocent party may be purposefully cast in a guilty light by the author through the employment of deceptive clues, false emphas is, loaded words or other descriptive tricks of the trade. The readers suspicions are thus misdirected, allowing the true culprit to go (temporarily at least) undetected. A false protagonist is another example of a red herring. In the  comic book  fan community, the apparent death and subsequent return of a long-running character is often called a  comic book death. While death is a serious subject, a comic book death is generally not taken seriously and is rarely permanent or meaningful. At least three comic book deaths are well known. The first two are the 1980 death of  Jean Grey  in Marvels  Dark Phoenix Saga  and that ofSuperman  in  DCs highly-publicized 1993  Death of Superman  storyline. There is one major distinction between the two, however whereas it was never intended that Supermans death be permanent, and that he would return to life at the conclusion of the story,[3]  Jeans passing (one of many temporary deaths among the  X-Men) was written as the true and permanent death of the character,[citation needed]  only to beretconned  a few years later to facilitate her return. In more recent history, the death of  Captain America  made real-world headlines in early 2007[4]  when he met his apparent end, but Steve Rogers returned in  Captain America: Reborn  in late 2009. Usually more subtle, foreshadowing works on the symbolic level. For example, if a character must break up a schoolyard fight among some boys, it might symbolically foreshadow the family squabbles that will become the central conflict of the story. Other times, it is seemingly inconsequential, with the goal of having the audience be surprised by the storys climax and yet find it justified. If a character learns that a certain man was a regular at the diner where her mother worked many years before, it helps to justify the events later in which she learns that the man is her biological father. If foreshadowing is not done carefully, the common experiences of life can make the foreshadowing too obvious and allow the audience to predict the outcome of the story. Example: a character behaves in an odd and erratic fashion and complains continuously of a  headache, then later is diagnosed with a brain tumor. Foreshadowing can also be used dishonestly in a mystery, where a series of events which points to a conclusion is later found to be composed of unlikely coincidences which have been dishonestly added to the story by the author in an artificial way, with the sole purpose of drawing the audience into an incorrect expectation. In such cases, the audience feels manipulated, and the story may be less satisfying.